- Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm Socket
- Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm =
- Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm Equals
Plate width: 6050 mm plate thickness: 1,5 mm distance between columns: 6114 mm knife length: 6000 mm stroke adjustment: Oberwange 250 mm table height over floor: 750 mm bending angle max.: 180 ° total power requirement: 4,2 kW weight of the machine ca.: ca. 2,5 t space requirements approx. LxWxH: 7,4 x 2,1 x 1,9 m - program up to 8 working processes (8-step switch mechanism) - adjustability.
Skinfolds, calipers, the pinch test - call it what you like, but if you insist on putting your clients through it then at least learn how to take the measurements correctly by reading here.
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Skinfold testing, also known as calliper testing is a commonly used method to determine a clients body fat percentage.
This technique of measurement is based on the densitometry technique (underwater weighing) and the prediction equations are ‘population specific’. That means originally to come up with the equations to calculate body fat from calliper measurements a whole lot of people were underwater weighed and then calliper tested. Their results from the underwater weighing were used to work out what equation was needed to convert their calliper measurements to a body fat percentage.
The equations actually only predict body fat within 3-5% of the value obtained from underwater weighing and only if the person is similar in age, gender, state of training, fatness and culture to the population from which the equations were originally derived.
In other words, there is the real possibility that calliper measurements will be inaccurate, misleading and unreliable in many instances. That means personal trainers expose themselves and their clients to significant risks. If a client trains well for six weeks then finds out their body fat percentage hasn’t changed (or worse has become larger) because there were errors in the equations used, or the measurements taken, or the consistency of the measurements, the result will be one of disappointment, frustration and de-motivation.
This is why we recommend extreme caution and very strict use of protocols if you are going to use calliper testing in any way. If you do, it is best just to use a ‘sum of skinfolds’ where you add up all the measures you take and don’t convert to body fat percentage as this, at the very least, removes the errors in equations and comparisons to sample populations which can throw your figures off.
As this technique is commonly used in the fitness industry and some clients may even specifically request it, it is important that you understand the protocol and are competent at completing it. Remember though, choose wisely the circumstances in which you use this type of measurement and pick the test that best suits your client goals and will provide valid, reliable and positive results.
If you are going to use callipers as a form of measurement it is recommended you practice your skill in measuring skinfolds on between 50-100 ‘practice’ participants to develop your proficiency.
Proceduresfor skinfold measurement:
You need to firmly grasp a fold of your client’s skin between your thumb and index finger and lift this up. The skinfold should include two thicknesses; one of skin and one of the subcutaneous fat, but no muscle or fascia.
Place the contact surface of the callipers at a 90 degree angle to the skinfold approximately 1cm below the fingers. Slightly release the pressure between the fingers, but remain holding the skinfold so that a greater pressure is applied by the callipers. Release the handle of the callipers and read the needle to the nearest 0.1mm approximately 4 seconds after the pressure is released.
Here are some key points to remember when taking skinfold measurements:
- Ensure you are careful in locating the anatomical landmarks used to identify the skinfold site
- Take all skinfolds on the right side of the body (for reliability)
- Ensure that you take the skinfold in a rotational order (circuit) and do not complete consecutive readings at each skinfold site
- Grasp the skinfold firmly between your thumb and index finger of your left hand. The skinfold is lifted 1 cm and recorded with the callipers held in the right hand
- Keep the fold elevated while the measurement is recorded
- Take the skinfold measurement 4 seconds after the calliper pressure is released
- Take a minimum of two measurements at each site. The acceptable range between repeated measures is 1mm. If the values vary by more than 1mm take an additional measurement and use the average of the three measurements
- Skinfold measurements should not be taken when the skin is wet or after exercise
- Remember age, size and state of hydration may affect skinfold measurement
The‘Durnin and Womersley’ four-site skinfold test
The most commonly used skinfold test is the Durnin & Womersley four site test, devised in 1974 (yip – it’s pretty dated!). This test uses the sum of the triceps, biceps, subscapula and suprailiac skinfolds to produce an estimate of body fat for males and females.
The following images and instructions will help you to locate the four sites used in the Durnin and Womersley test. Once you have successfully located the sites use the previous instructions on how to take a skinfold to complete the four site test.
Once you have completed and recorded the measurements of the four sites, refer to the following tables for the conversion of the sum of the four skinfolds to % body fat and for a rating of the sum of the four skinfolds for males and females of normal and athletic ability.
TricepSkinfold
- Vertical fold
- Located on the posterior midline of the upper arm
- Measure halfway between the acromion (bony point of the shoulder) and olecranon processes (bony point of the elbow)
- Arm held freely to the side of the body
Biceps Skinfold
- Vertical fold
- Located on the anterior midline of the upper arm over the belly of the biceps muscle
- Located 1 cm higher than the level used to mark the triceps site
Subscapula Skinfold
- Diagonal fold
- Located 1 to 2 cm below the inferior angle of the scapula (the bottom of the shoulder blade)
- If you struggle to locate the bottom of the shoulder blade then ask your client to raise their arm up behind their back – this should make the scapula become more prominent.
Suprailiac Skinfold
- Diagonal fold
- Located 1 cm above the anterior superior iliac crest (top of the hip bone)
- Locating this landmark may require you to ‘poke’ firmly through thick subcutaneous layers of fat to find the bone underneath.
Once you have recorded the skinfolds at each site you could simply use these measurements to compare with subsequent measurements to show change in the clients skinfold over time (which we recommend), alternatively you can add the sum of the four sites together to work out an estimate of your clients body fat percentage using the following table.
BodyFat % Conversion Table
Use the table below for the conversion of the sum of the four skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapula and suprailiac) in mm into % body fat.
Skinfolds(mm) | Males (age in years) | Females (age in years) | ||||||
17-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50+ | 18-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50+ | |
15 | 4.8 | -- | -- | 12.6 | 10.5 | -- | -- | -- |
20 | 8.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 15.6 | 14.1 | 17.0 | 19.8 | 21.4 |
25 | 10.5 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 19.4 | 22.2 | 24.0 |
30 | 12.9 | 16.2 | 17.7 | 20.8 | 19.5 | 21.8 | 24.5 | 26.6 |
35 | 14.7 | 17.7 | 19.8 | 22.9 | 21.5 | 23.7 | 26.4 | 28.5 |
40 | 16.4 | 21.4 | 24.7 | 23.4 | 25.5 | 28.2 | 30.3 | |
45 | 17.7 | 20.4 | 23.0 | 26.5 | 25.0 | 26.9 | 29.6 | 31.9 |
50 | 19.0 | 21.5 | 24.6 | 27.9 | 26.5 | 28.2 | 31.0 | 33.4 |
55 | 20.1 | 22.5 | Soundmate 3 1 0 – soundcloud desktop client. 25.9 | 29.2 | 27.8 | 29.4 | 32.1 | 34.6 |
60 | 21.2 | 23.6 | 27.1 | 30.4 | 29.1 | 30.6 | 33.2 | 35.7 |
65 | 22.2 | 24.3 | 28.2 | 31.6 | 30.2 | 31.6 | 34.1 | 36.7 |
70 | 23.1 | 25.1 | 29.3 | 32.7 | 31.2 | 32.5 | 35.0 | 37.7 |
75 | 24.0 | 25.9 | 30.3 | 33.8 | 32.2 | 33.4 | 35.9 | 38.7 |
80 | 24.8 | 26.6 | 31.2 | 34.8 | 33.1 | 34.3 | 36.7 | 39.8 |
85 | 25.6 | 27.2 | 32.1 | 35.8 | 34.0 | 35.8 | 37.5 | 40.4 |
90 | 26.2 | 27.8 | 33.0 | 36.6 | 34.8 | 36.5 | 38.3 | 41.2 |
95 | 26.9 | 28.4 | 33.7 | 37.4 | 35.6 | 37.2 | 39.0 | 41.9 |
100 | 27.6 | 29.0 | 34.4 | 38.2 | 36.4 | 37.9 | 39.7 | 42.6 |
105 | 28.2 | 29.6 | 35.1 | 39.0 | 37.1 | 38.6 | 40.4 | 43.3 |
110 | 28.8 | 30.1 | 35.8 | 39.7 | 37.8 | 39.1 | 41.0 | 43.9 |
115 | 29.4 | 30.6 | 36.4 | 40.4 | 38.4 | 39.6 | 41.5 | 44.5 |
120 | 30.0 | 31.1 | 37.0 | 41.1 | 40.1 | 42.0 | 45.1 | |
125 | 30.5 | 31.5 | 37.6 | 41.8 | 39.6 | 40.6 | 42.5 | 45.7 |
130 | 31.0 | 31.9 | 38.2 | 42.4 | 40.2 | 41.1 | 43.0 | 46.2 |
135 | 31.5 | 32.3 | 38.7 | 43.0 | 40.8 | 41.6 | 43.5 | 46.7 |
140 | 32.0 | 32.7 | 39.2 | 43.6 | 41.3 | 42.1 | 44.0 | 47.2 |
145 | 32.5 | 33.1 | 39.7 | 44.1 | 41.8 | 42.6 | 44.5 | 47.7 |
150 | 32.9 | 33.6 | 40.2 | 44.6 | 42.3 | 43.1 | 45.0 | 48.2 |
155 | 33.3 | 33.9 | 40.7 | 45.1 | 42.8 | 43.6 | 45.4 | 48.7 |
160 | 33.7 | 34.3 | 41.2 | 45.1 | 43.3 | 44.0 | 45.8 | 49.2 |
1655 | 34.1 | 34.6 | 41.6 | -- | 43.7 | 44.4 | 46.2 | 49.6 |
170 | 34.5 | 34.8 | 42.0 | 46.1 | 44.1 | 44.8 | 46.6 | 50.0 |
175 | 34.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 45.2 | 47.0 | 50.4 |
180 | 35.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 45.6 | 47.4 | 50.8 |
185 | 35.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 45.9 | 47.8 | 51.2 |
190 | 35.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 46.2 | 48.2 | 51.6 |
195 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 46.5 | 48.5 | 52.0 |
200 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 48.8 | 52.4 |
205 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 49.1 | 52.7 |
Ratingof the Sum of the Four Skinfolds
You can use this table (although we would advise against it) for a rating of poor to excellent for the sum of your clients four skinfolds.
Ability | Gender | Excellent | Good | Average | Below average | Poor |
Normal | Male | 60-80 | 81-90 | 91-100 | 111-150 | 150+ |
Normal | Female | 70-90 | 91-100 | 101-120 | 121-150 | 150+ |
Athletic | Male | 40-60 | 61-80 | 81-100 | 101-130 | 130+ |
Athletic | Female | 50-70 | 71-85 | 86-110 | 111-130 | 130+ |
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The industry standard for data centers …
The 42U Universal Server Rack is compatible with a wide variety of servers and rack-mountable networking equipment, including Dell, HP, Austin Hughes, IBM, Kendall Howard, Great Lakes, Martin Enclosures, Chatsworth, and APC products. The 42U Rack is completely customizable and can handle even the heaviest loads – up to 3,000lbs!
The 42U Universal Server Rack
The customizable 42U rack is configured to be compatible with almost all server manufacturer’s equipment. 42U Racks feature a symmetrical frame to allow enclosures to be bayed in space-saving layouts, including side-by-side, one in front of another, in a corner, in U or T arrangements, all without the need for an expensive intermediate frame. The 16-fold frame design allows for the integrated channel above-the-joint on the horizontal frame section, which prevents liquid from collecting on the gasket and from penetrating the door or side panel when opened. The frame system provides multiple internal surfaces and points for mounting equipment and accessories. The top panel of the 42U Rack is secured with the standard eye-bolts. Whether you require a top panel for cable entry or for ventilation, it can be quickly replaced by loosening 4 screws. This stable, static design permits the use of roof-mounted cooling units. An integrated water/dust protection lip protects the gasket roof configurations.
The 42U Rack’s door system includes a four-point locking system. The door can be easily rotated so it can be hinged from the left or right. The side panels can be screwed on, locked in place, or hinged to provide side door access.
42U Universal Rack Features
- Contemporary, sleek appearance, strong frame structure
- Multiple vendor equipment compatibilities
- Full line of accessories & a family of sizes and styles
42U Universal Rack Dimensions
- Width: EIA Standard 19″ Rack Rails
- External Width: 23.6″ – 600mm
- Height: 78.74″ – 2,000mm – Rack Units: 42U
- Depths: 39.37″ & 41.34″
- Racks in other dimensions are available
42U Universal Rack Accessories
- Sidewalls, Split rear Doors
- Baying Kits, Toolless Shelves, Casters, Bolt Down Kits, Cable Management
- Power Strips – Vertical or Rackmount, Enclosure Monitoring System
- Toolless Blanking Panels, Fans
APC 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.39 in. (1991 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 42.13 in. (1070 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | NetShelter SX | AR3100SP1 |
78.39 in. (1991 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 42.13 in. (1070 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | NetShelter SX | AR3100 |
78.39 in. (1991 mm) | 29.53 in. (750 mm) | 42.13 in. (1070 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | NetShelter SX | AR3150 |
78.39 in. (1991 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 47.24 in. (1200 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | NetShelter SX | AR3300 |
78.39 in. (1991 mm) | 29.53 in. (750 mm) | 47.24 in. (1200 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | NetShelter SX | AR3350 |
Chatsworth 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
79.30 in. (2013 mm) | 23.60 in. (600 mm) 29.50 in. (750 mm) 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 32.70 in. (831 mm) 40.30 in. (1024 mm) 42.30 in. (1074 mm) 48.40 in. (1229 mm) | 3000 lbs (1360 kg) | GlobalFrame | GF-1xxxx |
82.50 in. (2096 mm) | 23.60 in. (600 mm) 27.50 in. (700 mm) 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) to 47.20 in. (1200 mm) in .98 in. (25 mm) increments | 2000 lbs (907 kg) | TeraFrame F-Series | FCxx-xxxx-xxx |
82.50 in. (2096 mm) | 23.60 in. (600 mm) | 42.30 in. (1075 mm) 47.20 in. (1200 mm) | 3000 lbs (1360 kg) | TeraFrame HD-Series | FHD-Cxx-xxxx-xxx |
78.30 in. (1989 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 41.20 in. (1047 mm) to 51.10 in. (1297 mm) in .98 in. (25 mm) increments | 2500 lbs (1134 kg) | TeraFrame N-Series | NCxx-xxxx-xxx |
81.70 in. (2075 mm) | 27.32 in. (694 mm) 31.32 in. (796 mm) | 27.62 in. (702 mm) 33.62 in. (854 mm) 39.62 in. (1006 mm) 42.62 in. (1083 mm) | 2000 lbs (907 kg) | MegaFrame M-Series | Mx1xx-xxx |
82.30 in. (2090 mm) | 24.00 in. (610 mm) 27.3 in. (693 mm) | 27.00 in. (690 mm) 34.40 in. (874 mm) 40.40 in. (026 mm) 43.40 in. (1102 mm) 48.40 in. (1229 mm) | 2000 lbs (907 kg) | SteellFrame T-Series | Tx1xx-xxx |
Great Lakes 41U Rack- Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
80.00 in. (2032 mm) | 24.00 in. (609 mm) | 43.01 in. (1092 mm) | 2000 lbs (908 kg) | ES Server Enclosures | GL780ES-2442 |
80.00 in. (2032 mm) | 30.00 in. (762 mm) | 43.01 in. (1092 mm) | 2000 lbs (908 kg) | ES Server Enclosures | GL780ES-3042 |
HP 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.89 in. (2004 mm) | 24.00 in. (609 mm) | 39.61 in. (1008 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | 10000 G2 | 10642 G2 |
79.00 in. (2007 mm) | 24.00 in. (609 mm) | 48.75 in. (1238 mm) | 3000 lbs (1363 kg) | 10000 | 10642 (1200 mm deep) |
78.70 in. (1999 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 39.61 in. (1008 mm) | 2000 lbs (908 kg) | 10000 G2 | 10842 G2 |
IBM 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.70 in. (2000 mm) | 23.80 in. (605 mm) | 39.40 in. (1000 mm) | 2403 lbs (1090 kg) | S2 | 93074RX |
78.70 in. (2000 mm) | 23.80 in. (605 mm) | 39.40 in. (1000 mm) | 2407 lbs (1092 kg) | S2 | 99564RX |
78.70 in. (2000 mm) | 23.80 in. (605 mm) | 47.20 in. (1200 mm) | 2100 lbs (953 kg) | System X | 9361-4PX / 9360-4PX |
79.50 in. (2020 mm) | 25.50 in. (648 mm) | 43.50 in. (1105 mm) | 2586 lbs (1173 kg) | Enterprise | 93084PX |
Kendall Howard 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
80.50 in. (2045 mm) | 23.50 in. (597 mm) | 37.75 in. (959 mm) | 1300 lbs (590 kg) | 3100 | 3100-3-001-42 |
80.50 in. (2045 mm) | 23.50 in. (597 mm) | 37.75 in. (959 mm) | 1300 lbs (590 kg) | 3110 | 3110-3-001-42 |
80.50 in. (2045 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 38.00 in. (965 mm) | 1300 lbs (590 kg) | 3120 | 3120-3-001-42 |
Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm Socket
Liebert 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 43.30 in. (1100 mm) | unreported | Knurr DCM | D4224442 w/ sides |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.30 in. (591 mm) | 43.30 in. (1100 mm) | unreported | Knurr DCM | D4224440 w/out sides |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 43.30 in. (1100 mm) | unreported | Knurr DCM | D4232442 w/ side |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 31.10 in. (791 mm) | 43.30 in. (1100 mm) | unreported | Knurr DCM | D4232440 w/out sides |
Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm =
Rittal 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Series | Model |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 3200 lbs (1451 kg) | TS8 | 9969863 |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 3200 lbs (1451 kg) | TS8 | 9969865 |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 39.37 in. (1000 mm) | 3200 lbs (1452 kg) | TS8 | 9969833 |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 27.56 in. (700 mm) | 39.37 in. (1000 mm) | 3200 lbs (1452 kg) | TS8 | 9969835 |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) | 41.34 in. (1050 mm) | 3200 lbs (1452 kg) | TS8 | 9969847 |
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 27.56 in. (700 mm) | 41.34 in. (1050 mm) | 3200 lbs (1452 kg) | TS8 | 9969849 |
SUN Compatible 42U Rack – Dimensions and Specifications:
Maximum External Height | External Width | External Depth | Static Weight Capacity | Manufacturer | Series |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
78.74 in. (2000 mm) | 23.62 in. (600 mm) 27.56 in. (700 mm) 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 31.50 in. (800 mm) 29.37 (1000 mm) 41.34 (1050 mm) | 3200 lbs (1451 kg) | Rittal | TS8 |
79.30 in. (2013 mm) | 23.60 in. (600 mm) 29.50 in. (750 mm) 31.50 in. (800 mm) | 32.70 in. (831 mm) 40.30 in. (1024 mm) 42.30 in. (1074 mm) 48.40 in. (1229 mm) | 3000 lbs (1360 kg) | Chatsworth | GlobalFrame |
80.00 in. (2032 mm) | 24.00 in. (609 mm) 30.00 in. (762 mm) | 43.01 in. (1092 mm) | 2000 lbs (908 kg) | Great Lakes | ES Server Enclosures |
Big Mean Folder Machine 2 41 Mm Equals
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